Which step improves cultural relevance of materials?

Use standard English without adaptation

Translate only once without back-translation

Test materials with community members

The main idea is to make sure materials fit the audience’s culture through direct input from the people who will use them. Testing with members of the target community lets you see how real readers interpret the language, visuals, and examples. They can flag terms that are unclear, phrases that don’t translate well, or imagery that might be seen as disrespectful or irrelevant. Their feedback helps you tailor wording to the local dialect and literacy level, adjust pictures to reflect local people and norms, and ensure the health concepts resonate with everyday beliefs and practices. This collaborative check increases comprehension, trust, and the likelihood that the message leads to the desired behavior.

Other approaches miss this essential live input: using standard English without adaptation can exclude non-native speakers or those who prefer other ways of communicating; translating once without back-translation risks losing nuance or introducing errors; assuming visuals are universally understood ignores cultural symbolism and may confuse or offend audiences elsewhere.

Assume visuals are universally understood

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